The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 20, sentence 43
Once there lived a great Rajah, whose name was Salabhan, and he had a Queen, by name Lona, who, though she wept and prayed at many a shrine, had never a child to gladden her eyes.
Who acts: name, Salabhan, Lona · What happens: live, be, have, weep, pray, gladden · To what, where: great Rajah, Salabhan, Queen, many shrine, child, eyes
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, Salabhan, Lona), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | SCONJ | _ | 3 lived | mark |
| 2 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 lived | expl |
| 3 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 Rajah | det |
| 5 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 Rajah | amod |
| 6 | Rajah | Rajah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 lived | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 Salabhan | punct |
| 8 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 9 name | nmod:poss |
| 9 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 Salabhan | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 Salabhan | cop |
| 11 | Salabhan | Salabhan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Rajah | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 had | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 had | cc |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 had | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lived | conj |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 Queen | det |
| 17 | Queen | Queen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 had | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 Lona | punct |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 name | case |
| 20 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 Lona | obl |
| 21 | Lona | Lona | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 had | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 wept | punct |
| 23 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 wept | nsubj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 wept | punct |
| 25 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 27 wept | mark |
| 26 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 wept | nsubj |
| 27 | wept | weep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 Lona | acl:relcl |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 prayed | cc |
| 29 | prayed | pray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 wept | conj |
| 30 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 shrine | case |
| 31 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 shrine | amod |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 shrine | det |
| 33 | shrine | shrine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 prayed | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 had | punct |
| 35 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 had | conj |
| 36 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 38 child | advmod |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 child | det |
| 38 | child | child | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 had | obj |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 gladden | mark |
| 40 | gladden | gladden | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 child | acl |
| 41 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 42 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 gladden | obj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | past | a great Rajah and Salabhan | there | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | Salabhan's name | Salabhan | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have | past | Salabhan | a Queen | Lona by name obl | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent queen=Patient | |||
| 4 | weep | past | Lona by name | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | pray | past | Lona by name not said here | a many shrine | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 6 | have | past | Salabhan not said here | a child | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient | ||||
| 7 | gladden | to-infinitive | Salabhan not said here | Lona's eyes | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus eye=Experiencer | ||||
| 8 | name | Salabhan | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/20/43/