The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 20, sentence 65
He strode into the audience hall, where his father sat trembling, and saluted him with all reverence; but Rajah Salabhan, in fear of his life, turned his back hastily and said never a word in reply.
Who acts: Prince, father, Rajah · What happens: stride, sit, tremble, salute, turn, say · To what, where: audience hall, Prince, back, word, reply, life · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Prince, father, Rajah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 strode | nsubj |
| 2 | strode | stride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | into | into | ADP | _ | 6 hall | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hall | det |
| 5 | audience | audience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 hall | compound |
| 6 | hall | hall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 strode | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sat | punct |
| 8 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 11 sat | advmod |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 father | nmod:poss |
| 10 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sat | nsubj |
| 11 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 strode | parataxis |
| 12 | trembling | tremble | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 sat | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 saluted | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 saluted | cc |
| 15 | saluted | salute | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 sat | conj |
| 16 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 saluted | obj |
| 17 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 reverence | case |
| 18 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 reverence | det |
| 19 | reverence | reverence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 saluted | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 Rajah | punct |
| 21 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 Rajah | cc |
| 22 | Rajah | Rajah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 turned | nsubj |
| 23 | Salabhan | Salabhan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Rajah | flat |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 fear | punct |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 fear | case |
| 26 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 Rajah | appos |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 life | case |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 life | nmod:poss |
| 29 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 fear | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 turned | punct |
| 31 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 strode | parataxis |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 back | nmod:poss |
| 33 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 turned | obj |
| 34 | hastily | hastily | ADV | _ | 31 turned | advmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 said | cc |
| 36 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 turned | conj |
| 37 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 39 word | advmod |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 word | det |
| 39 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 said | obj |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 reply | case |
| 41 | reply | reply | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 word | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 strode | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stride | past | Prince | the audience hall | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into hall=Destination | ||||
| 2 | sit | past | Prince's father | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | tremble | gerund | Prince's father not said here | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | salute | past | Prince's father not said here | Prince | with all reverence | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic | |||
| 5 | turn | past | Rajah | Prince's back | hastily property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent back=Theme | |||
| 6 | say speech: assert | past | Rajah not said here | a word | reply | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent word=Theme in reply=Manner | |||
| 7 | fear | Prince's life | nom fear «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/20/65/