The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 20, sentence 7
But Shiku showed no fear; he ordered every soldier to scatter the ashes they carried, and this mingling with the water, turned into a sort of clay, thus stopping the progress of the water.
Who acts: Shiku, army, soldier, mingling, water · What happens: show, order, scatter, carry, turn, stop · To what, where: fear, soldier, ashes, sort, progress, clay
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shiku, army, soldier, mingling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 showed | cc |
| 2 | Shiku | Shiku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 showed | nsubj |
| 3 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 5 fear | det |
| 5 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 showed | obj |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 ordered | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 ordered | nsubj |
| 8 | ordered | order | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 showed | parataxis |
| 9 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 soldier | det |
| 10 | soldier | soldier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 ordered | obj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 scatter | mark |
| 12 | scatter | scatter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 ordered | xcomp |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 ashes | det |
| 14 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 scatter | obj |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 carried | nsubj |
| 16 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 ashes | acl:relcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 turned | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 turned | cc |
| 19 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 mingling | det |
| 20 | mingling | mingling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 turned | nsubj |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 water | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 water | det |
| 23 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 mingling | nmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 turned | punct |
| 25 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 showed | conj |
| 26 | into | into | ADP | _ | 28 sort | case |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 sort | det |
| 28 | sort | sort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 turned | obl |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 clay | case |
| 30 | clay | clay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 sort | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 stopping | punct |
| 32 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 33 stopping | advmod |
| 33 | stopping | stop | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 turned | advcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 progress | det |
| 35 | progress | progress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 stopping | obj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 water | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 water | det |
| 38 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 progress | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 showed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | past | Shiku | no fear | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent fear=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | order | past | army | every soldier | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent soldier=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | scatter not said to happen | to-infinitive | every soldier not said here | the ashes | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent ash=Theme | ||||
| 4 | carry | past | Shiku | the ashes not said here | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ash=Theme | ||||
| 5 | turn | participle | this mingling with the water | a sort of clay | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into sort=Trajectory | ||||
| 6 | stop | gerund | this mingling with the water not said here | the progress of the water | thus property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality progress=Eventuality | |||
| 7 | sort | clay | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 8 | progress | the water | nom progress «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/20/7/