The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 20, sentence 80
So they made a goodly company, and Queen Lona, when she saw them going, watched them from her window till she saw nothing but a cloud of dust on the horizon; then she bowed her head on her hands and wept, saying:
Who acts: Rajah, Queen · What happens: make, see, go, watch, bow, weep · To what, where: goodly company, Rajah, window, nothing, head, hands · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rajah, Queen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 made | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 made | nsubj |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 company | det |
| 5 | goodly | goodly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 company | amod |
| 6 | company | company | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 saw | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 saw | cc |
| 9 | Queen | Queen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 saw | nsubj |
| 10 | Lona | Lona | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Queen | flat |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 saw | punct |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 saw | advmod |
| 13 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 saw | nsubj |
| 14 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | conj |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 saw | obj |
| 16 | going | go | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 saw | xcomp |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 watched | punct |
| 18 | watched | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | conj |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 watched | obj |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 window | case |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 window | nmod:poss |
| 22 | window | window | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 watched | obl |
| 23 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 25 saw | mark |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 saw | nsubj |
| 25 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 watched | advcl |
| 26 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 25 saw | obj |
| 27 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 29 cloud | cc |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 cloud | det |
| 29 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 nothing | conj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 dust | case |
| 31 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 cloud | nmod |
| 32 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 horizon | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 horizon | det |
| 34 | horizon | horizon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 dust | nmod |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 bowed | punct |
| 36 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 38 bowed | advmod |
| 37 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 bowed | nsubj |
| 38 | bowed | bow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | conj |
| 39 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 head | nmod:poss |
| 40 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 bowed | obj |
| 41 | on | on | ADP | _ | 43 hands | case |
| 42 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 hands | nmod:poss |
| 43 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 bowed | obl |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 wept | cc |
| 45 | wept | weep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 made | conj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 saying | punct |
| 47 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 45 wept | advcl |
| 48 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Rajah | a goodly company | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset company=Product | ||||
| 2 | see | past | Queen | Rajah | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | go | gerund | Rajah not said here | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | watch | past | Rajah not said here | Rajah | Queen's window | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 5 | see | past | Queen | nothing a cloud of dust on the horizon | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | bow | past | Queen | Queen's head | Queen's hands | then | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Topic | ||
| 7 | weep | past | Rajah not said here | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | say speech: assert | gerund | Rajah not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 9 | cloud | dust on the horizon | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/20/80/