The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 20, sentence 82
Son who ne’er gladdened mine eyes, Let the cloud of thy going arise, Dim the sunlight and darken the day; For the mother whose son is away Is as dust!”
Who acts: Son, thy, cloud · What happens: gladden, let, go, arise, dim, darken · To what, where: mine, cloud, sunlight
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 20. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Son, thy, cloud), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Son | Son | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 gladdened | nsubj |
| 2 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 gladdened | nsubj |
| 3 | ne’er | ne'er | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gladdened | nsubj |
| 4 | gladdened | gladden | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | mine | my | PRON | Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 gladdened | obj |
| 6 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 gladdened | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Let | punct |
| 8 | Let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 gladdened | parataxis |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 cloud | det |
| 10 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Let | obj |
| 11 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 13 going | mark |
| 12 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 13 going | nsubj |
| 13 | going | go | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 10 cloud | acl |
| 14 | arise | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 Let | xcomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Dim | punct |
| 16 | Dim | dim | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 8 Let | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 sunlight | det |
| 18 | sunlight | sunlight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 Dim | obj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 darken | cc |
| 20 | darken | darken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 Dim | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 day | det |
| 22 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 darken | obl:unmarked |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 away | punct |
| 24 | For | for | ADP | _ | 26 mother | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 mother | det |
| 26 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 away | obl |
| 27 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 28 son | nmod:poss |
| 28 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 away | nsubj |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 away | cop |
| 30 | away | away | ADV | _ | 4 gladdened | advmod |
| 31 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 away | cop |
| 32 | as | as | ADP | _ | 33 dust | case |
| 33 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 away | obl |
| 34 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 gladdened | punct |
| 35 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 gladdened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gladden | participle | Son | mine | who nsubj; ne’er nsubj; eyes obj | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Stimulus my=Experiencer eye=Result | |||
| 2 | let | infinitive | the cloud | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | go | gerund | thy | the cloud not said here | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cloud=Theme | ||||
| 4 | arise | present | the cloud not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | dim | infinitive | the sunlight | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent sunlight=Patient | |||||
| 6 | darken | present | day | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 7 | is | present | son | for the mother; as dust; away property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/20/82/