The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 21, sentence 42
So saying, he threw the sweetmeats to Rajah Sarkap’s dog, which had followed the slaves, and lo! the dog died.
Who acts: Rajah, dog · What happens: say, throw, follow, die · To what, where: sweetmeats, dog · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rajah, dog), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 2 saying | advmod |
| 2 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 threw | advcl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 saying | punct |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 threw | nsubj |
| 5 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 sweetmeats | det |
| 7 | sweetmeats | sweetmeat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 threw | obj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 dog | case |
| 9 | Rajah | Rajah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 dog | nmod:poss |
| 10 | Sarkap | Sarkap | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Rajah | flat |
| 11 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 9 Rajah | case |
| 12 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sweetmeats | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 followed | punct |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 followed | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 followed | aux |
| 16 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 sweetmeats | acl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 slaves | det |
| 18 | slaves | slave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 followed | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 died | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 died | cc |
| 21 | lo | lo | INTJ | _ | 25 died | discourse |
| 22 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 21 lo | punct |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 dog | det |
| 24 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 died | nsubj |
| 25 | died | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 threw | conj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 threw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | gerund | Rajah not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | throw | past | Rajah | the sweetmeats | Rajah's dog | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent sweetmeat=Theme to dog=Destination | |||
| 3 | follow | past · perfect · passive | the sweetmeats | the slaves obj | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme slave=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | die | past | the dog | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/21/42/