The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 21, sentence 54
Then the second game began, and once more Dhol Rajah, the rat, upset the pieces; and Rasalu, losing the game, gave up his faithful steed.
Who acts: second game, Dhol, Rasalu · What happens: begin, upset, lose, give up · To what, where: pieces, game, faithful steed
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 21. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (second game, Dhol, Rasalu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 began | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 game | det |
| 3 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 game | amod |
| 4 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 began | nsubj |
| 5 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 upset | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 upset | cc |
| 8 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 9 more | advmod |
| 9 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 10 Dhol | advmod |
| 10 | Dhol | Dhol | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 upset | nsubj |
| 11 | Rajah | Rajah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Dhol | flat |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 rat | punct |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 rat | det |
| 14 | rat | rat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 Dhol | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Dhol | punct |
| 16 | upset | upset | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 began | conj |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 pieces | det |
| 18 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 upset | obj |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 Rasalu | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 Rasalu | cc |
| 21 | Rasalu | Rasalu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 gave | nsubj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 losing | punct |
| 23 | losing | lose | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 Rasalu | acl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 game | det |
| 25 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 losing | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 gave | punct |
| 27 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 began | parataxis |
| 28 | up | up | ADP | _ | 27 gave | compound:prt |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 steed | nmod:poss |
| 30 | faithful | faithful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 steed | amod |
| 31 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 gave | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | the second game | then | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | upset | past | Dhol | the pieces | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus piece=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | lose | gerund | Rasalu not said here | the game | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | give up | past | Rasalu | Dhol's faithful steed | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent steed=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/21/54/