The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 22, sentence 31
At last he came to a tree that seemed easy to cut, and then he drew his long knife and prepared to work.
Who acts: JUAN, tree · What happens: come, seem, cut, draw, prepare, work · To what, where: last, long knife
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (JUAN, tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 last | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 came | obl |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 came | nsubj |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 tree | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 tree | det |
| 7 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obl |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 seemed | nsubj |
| 9 | seemed | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 tree | acl:relcl |
| 10 | easy | easy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 seemed | xcomp |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 cut | mark |
| 12 | cut | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 easy | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 drew | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 drew | cc |
| 15 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 drew | advmod |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 drew | nsubj |
| 17 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | parataxis |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 knife | nmod:poss |
| 19 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 knife | amod |
| 20 | knife | knife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 drew | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 prepared | cc |
| 22 | prepared | prepare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 drew | conj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 work | mark |
| 24 | work | work | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 prepared | xcomp |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | JUAN | last | to a tree | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to tree=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | seem | past | a tree | easy property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | cut | to-infinitive | a tree not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | draw | past | JUAN | JUAN's long knife | then | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knife=Theme | |||
| 5 | prepare | participle | JUAN not said here | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute | |||||
| 6 | work not said to happen | to-infinitive | JUAN not said here | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/22/31/