The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 22, sentence 55
At the sound of the magic words the stick leaped from his hands and began beating his friend until he cried:
Who acts: friend · What happens: leap, begin, beat, cry · To what, where: stick, hands, sound, friend
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 22. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 sound | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sound | det |
| 3 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 began | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 words | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 words | det |
| 6 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 words | compound |
| 7 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sound | nmod |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 stick | det |
| 9 | stick | stick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 words | appos |
| 10 | leaped | leap | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 stick | acl |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 hands | case |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 hands | nmod:poss |
| 13 | hands | hand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 leaped | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 began | cc |
| 15 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | beating | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 began | xcomp |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 friend | nmod:poss |
| 18 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 beating | obj |
| 19 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 21 cried | mark |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 cried | nsubj |
| 21 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 beating | advcl |
| 22 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap | participle | the stick not said here | JUAN's hands | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from hand=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | begin | past | the sound of the magic words | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | beat | gerund | JUAN's friend | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location friend=Theme | |||||
| 4 | cry speech: express | past | friend | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/22/55/