The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 23, sentence 47
“I can see a great many houses and people,” said Wang Chih, “and streets—why, this is the town I was in yesterday, the one which has taken the place of my old village.”
Who acts: Wang, this · What happens: see, say, be, take · To what, where: great many houses, town, one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 23. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wang, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 see | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 see | aux |
| 4 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 said | ccomp |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 houses | det |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 houses | amod |
| 7 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 houses | amod |
| 8 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 see | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 people | cc |
| 10 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 houses | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 see | punct |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | Wang | Wang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 said | nsubj |
| 15 | Chih | Chih | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 Wang | flat |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 streets | punct |
| 17 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 streets | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 streets | cc |
| 19 | streets | street | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 said | ccomp |
| 20 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 why | punct |
| 21 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 streets | acl:relcl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 town | punct |
| 23 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 town | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 town | cop |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 town | det |
| 26 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 streets | conj |
| 27 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 yesterday | nsubj |
| 28 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 yesterday | cop |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 yesterday | case |
| 30 | yesterday | yesterday | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 town | acl:relcl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 one | punct |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 one | det |
| 33 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 town | appos |
| 34 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 taken | aux |
| 36 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 one | acl:relcl |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 place | det |
| 38 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 taken | obj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 village | case |
| 40 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 village | nmod:poss |
| 41 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 village | amod |
| 42 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 place | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 streets | punct |
| 44 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see in a quote | can | Wang | a great many houses and people | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer house=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Wang | streets and the town ccomp | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | this | the town | the one appos | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is in a quote | past | Wang | the town not said here | in yesterday | tree rules | |||
| 5 | take in a quote | present · perfect · passive | the one | the place of my old village obj | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme place=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/23/47/