The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 24, sentence 74
A great storm arose, and stones as large as houses rained until the Sultan called to Balatama to put back the statue lest they all be killed.
Who acts: great storm, houses · What happens: arise, rain, call, put back, kill · To what, where: Sultan, statue, storms · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great storm, houses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 storm | det |
| 2 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 storm | amod |
| 3 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 arose | nsubj |
| 4 | arose | arise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 large | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 large | cc |
| 7 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 large | nsubj |
| 8 | as | as | ADV | _ | 9 large | advmod |
| 9 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 arose | ccomp |
| 10 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 12 rained | mark |
| 11 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 rained | nsubj |
| 12 | rained | rain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 large | advcl |
| 13 | until | until | ADP | _ | 15 Sultan | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Sultan | det |
| 15 | Sultan | Sultan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 rained | obl |
| 16 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 Sultan | acl |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 Balatama | case |
| 18 | Balatama | Balatama | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 called | xcomp |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 put | mark |
| 20 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 called | advcl |
| 21 | back | back | ADV | _ | 20 put | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 statue | det |
| 23 | statue | statue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 put | obj |
| 24 | lest | lest | SCONJ | _ | 28 killed | mark |
| 25 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 killed | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 killed | aux:pass |
| 28 | killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 put | advcl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 arose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | arise | past | a great storm | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | rain | past | houses | until the Sultan | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | ||||
| 3 | call | participle | the Sultan not said here | Balatama xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | put back | to-infinitive | the statue | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent statue=Goal | |||||
| 5 | kill | infinitive · passive | storms = storm | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/24/74/