The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 24, sentence 9
He reached down to drink, and then his ears were assailed with the buzzing of mosquitoes, who said to him:
Who acts: lion, mosquitoes · What happens: reach down, drink, assail, say · To what, where: ears, lion · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 24. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lion, mosquitoes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 reached | nsubj |
| 2 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 reached | advmod |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 drink | mark |
| 5 | drink | drink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 reached | advcl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 assailed | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 assailed | cc |
| 8 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 assailed | advmod |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 ears | nmod:poss |
| 10 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 assailed | nsubj |
| 11 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 assailed | aux:pass |
| 12 | assailed | assail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 reached | conj |
| 13 | with | with | ADP | _ | 15 buzzing | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 buzzing | det |
| 15 | buzzing | buzzing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 assailed | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 mosquitoes | case |
| 17 | mosquitoes | mosquito | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 buzzing | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 said | punct |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 said | nsubj |
| 20 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 mosquitoes | acl:relcl |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 him | case |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 said | obl |
| 23 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 2 reached | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reach down | past | lion | down property | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | drink | to-infinitive | lion not said here | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | assail | past · passive | lion's ears | then | with the buzzing of mosquitoes | vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | mosquitoes | lion | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/24/9/