The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 25, sentence 1
Though he could not hope to win in a fight against such great numbers, he called his head men together, and said:
Who acts: he · What happens: not hope, win, call, say · To what, where: fight, head men · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (he), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Though | though | SCONJ | _ | 5 hope | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 hope | nsubj |
| 3 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 hope | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 hope | advmod |
| 5 | hope | hope | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 said | parataxis |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 win | mark |
| 7 | win | win | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 hope | xcomp |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 fight | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 fight | det |
| 10 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 win | obl |
| 11 | against | against | ADP | _ | 14 numbers | case |
| 12 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 numbers | amod |
| 13 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 numbers | amod |
| 14 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 fight | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 called | punct |
| 16 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 called | nsubj |
| 17 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 hope | conj |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 men | nmod:poss |
| 19 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 men | compound |
| 20 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 called | obj |
| 21 | together | together | ADV | _ | 17 called | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 said | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 said | cc |
| 24 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 25 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 24 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not hope | could | he | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | win not said to happen | to-infinitive | he not said here | a fight against such great numbers | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent in fight=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | call | past | he | his head men | together property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent man=Recipient | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/25/1/