The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 25, sentence 28
As soon as he was eighteen he took the red silk out of his pigtail and the silver chain from his neck, because grown-up people were supposed to be able to protect themselves against the Genii without the aid of charms.
Who acts: Pei · What happens: be, take, grow up, suppose, protect · To what, where: red silk, pigtail, grown people, people
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pei), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADV | _ | 2 soon | advmod |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 6 eighteen | advmod |
| 3 | as | as | ADP | _ | 6 eighteen | case |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 eighteen | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 eighteen | cop |
| 6 | eighteen | eighteen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 8 took | obl |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 took | nsubj |
| 8 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 silk | det |
| 10 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 silk | amod |
| 11 | silk | silk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 took | obj |
| 12 | out | out | ADP | _ | 15 pigtail | case |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 pigtail | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 pigtail | nmod:poss |
| 15 | pigtail | pigtail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 took | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 chain | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 chain | det |
| 18 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 chain | compound |
| 19 | chain | chain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 pigtail | conj |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 neck | case |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 neck | nmod:poss |
| 22 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 took | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 supposed | punct |
| 24 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 30 supposed | mark |
| 25 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 people | amod |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 up | punct |
| 27 | up | up | ADP | _ | 25 grown | compound:prt |
| 28 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 supposed | nsubj:pass |
| 29 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 supposed | aux:pass |
| 30 | supposed | suppose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 took | conj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 able | mark |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 able | cop |
| 33 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 supposed | xcomp |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 protect | mark |
| 35 | protect | protect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 able | xcomp |
| 36 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 35 protect | obj |
| 37 | against | against | ADP | _ | 39 Genii | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 Genii | det |
| 39 | Genii | Genii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 protect | obl |
| 40 | without | without | ADP | _ | 42 aid | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 aid | det |
| 42 | aid | aid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 protect | obl |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 charms | case |
| 44 | charms | charm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 aid | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Pei | as eighteen; soon property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | take | past | Pei | the red silk | Pei's pigtail and the silver chain | from Pei's neck | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent silk=Theme out pigtail=Initial_Location | ||
| 3 | grow up | participle | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | suppose | past · passive | grown people | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute | |||||
| 5 | is | to-infinitive | able property | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | protect | to-infinitive | people | against the Genii; without the aid of charms | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent themselves=Beneficiary against genii=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/25/28/