The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 25, sentence 40
But he had spent many sleepless nights in study, and when he reached the bridge he was so tired that he sat down and fell asleep.
Who acts: sun · What happens: spend, reach, be, sit down, fall · To what, where: study, bridge
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 25. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 spent | cc |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 spent | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 spent | aux |
| 4 | spent | spend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 nights | amod |
| 6 | sleepless | sleepless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 nights | amod |
| 7 | nights | night | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 spent | obj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 study | case |
| 9 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spent | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 reached | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 reached | cc |
| 12 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 14 reached | mark |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 reached | nsubj |
| 14 | reached | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 spent | advcl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 bridge | det |
| 16 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 reached | obj |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 tired | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 tired | cop |
| 19 | so | so | ADV | _ | 20 tired | advmod |
| 20 | tired | tired | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 reached | parataxis |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 sat | mark |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 sat | nsubj |
| 23 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 tired | advcl |
| 24 | down | down | ADP | _ | 23 sat | compound:prt |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 fell | cc |
| 26 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 sat | conj |
| 27 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 fell | xcomp |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 spent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spend | past · perfect | sun | study | night | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | reach | past | sun | the bridge | vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent bridge=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | past | sun | tired property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | sit down | past | sun | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | fall | past | sun not said here | asleep property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/25/40/