The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 26, sentence 21
He had not studied for three years under the wisest man in Chang-ngan for nothing, and, besides, he was determined to marry Yun-Ying, and when young men are very much in love, they sometimes accomplish things which seem to be impossible.
Who acts: Pei, young men, arms, things · What happens: not study, be, marry, accomplish, seem · To what, where: Yun, love, things
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pei, young men, arms, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 studied | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 studied | aux |
| 3 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 studied | advmod |
| 4 | studied | study | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 years | case |
| 6 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 years | nummod |
| 7 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 studied | obl |
| 8 | under | under | ADP | _ | 11 man | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 man | det |
| 10 | wisest | wise | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 11 man | amod |
| 11 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 studied | obl |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 ngan | case |
| 13 | Chang | Chang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 ngan | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 Chang | punct |
| 15 | ngan | ngan | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 man | nmod |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 nothing | case |
| 17 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 15 ngan | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 determined | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 determined | cc |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 and | punct |
| 21 | besides | besides | INTJ | _ | 25 determined | discourse |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 besides | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 determined | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 determined | cop |
| 25 | determined | determined | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 studied | conj |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 marry | mark |
| 27 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 determined | xcomp |
| 28 | Yun | Yun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 marry | obj |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 Ying | punct |
| 30 | Ying | Ying | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Yun | nmod:unmarked |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 much | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 much | cc |
| 33 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 38 much | advmod |
| 34 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 men | amod |
| 35 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 much | nsubj |
| 36 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 38 much | cop |
| 37 | very | very | ADV | _ | 38 much | advmod |
| 38 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 studied | conj |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 love | case |
| 40 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 much | nmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 accomplish | punct |
| 42 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 accomplish | nsubj |
| 43 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 44 accomplish | advmod |
| 44 | accomplish | accomplish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 studied | parataxis |
| 45 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 44 accomplish | obj |
| 46 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 47 seem | nsubj |
| 47 | seem | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 things | acl:relcl |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 50 impossible | mark |
| 49 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 50 impossible | cop |
| 50 | impossible | impossible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 seem | xcomp |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 studied | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not study | past · perfect | Pei | year | under the wisest man in Chang ngan for nothing | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | is | past | Pei | determined property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | marry | to-infinitive | Pei not said here | Yun Ying | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yun=Patient | ||||
| 4 | is | present | young men | love | much property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | accomplish | present | arms = arm | things | sometimes property | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | |||
| 6 | seem | present | things | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | is | to-infinitive | things not said here | impossible property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/26/21/