The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 26, sentence 44
The wedding had not taken place when Pei-Hang arrived, but Yun-Ying was already arrayed in her wedding dress, and was standing beneath a peach tree which stood in front of the house.
Who acts: Pei, peach tree · What happens: not take, arrive, array, stand · To what, where: wedding, Yun Ying, wedding dress, peach tree, front
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pei, peach tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 wedding | det |
| 2 | wedding | wedding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 taken | aux |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 5 taken | advmod |
| 5 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 taken | obj |
| 7 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 11 arrived | mark |
| 8 | Pei | Pei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 arrived | nsubj |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 Hang | punct |
| 10 | Hang | Hang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Pei | nmod:unmarked |
| 11 | arrived | arrive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 taken | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 arrayed | punct |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 arrayed | cc |
| 14 | Yun | Yun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Ying | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 Yun | punct |
| 16 | Ying | Ying | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 arrayed | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 arrayed | aux:pass |
| 18 | already | already | ADV | _ | 19 arrayed | advmod |
| 19 | arrayed | array | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 taken | conj |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 dress | case |
| 21 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 dress | nmod:poss |
| 22 | wedding | wedding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 dress | compound |
| 23 | dress | dress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 arrayed | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 standing | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 standing | cc |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 standing | aux |
| 27 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 arrayed | advcl |
| 28 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 31 tree | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 tree | det |
| 30 | peach | peach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 tree | compound |
| 31 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 standing | obl |
| 32 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 stood | nsubj |
| 33 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 tree | acl:relcl |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 front | case |
| 35 | front | front | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 stood | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 house | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 house | det |
| 38 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 front | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 taken | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not take | past · perfect · passive | the wedding | place obj | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme place=Destination | ||||
| 2 | arrive | past | Pei Hang | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | array | past · passive | Yun Ying | Ying's wedding dress | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | stand | past · progressive | a peach tree | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent beneath tree=Location | |||||
| 5 | stand | past | a peach tree | front of the house | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in front=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/26/44/