The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 26, sentence 9
“We must let him have the pestle and mortar,” said the Geni who had been his guide, and who had told the others about the wonderful red and white seeds while Pei-Hang was standing spell-bound by the beauty of the Lake.
Who acts: We, Hang, Geni, Pei Hang · What happens: let, have, say, be, tell, stand · To what, where: Hang, pestle, guide, others, spell · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, Hang, Geni, Pei Hang), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 let | punct |
| 2 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 let | nsubj |
| 3 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 let | aux |
| 4 | let | let | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 said | ccomp |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 let | obj |
| 6 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 let | xcomp |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 pestle | det |
| 8 | pestle | pestle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 have | obj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 mortar | cc |
| 10 | mortar | mortar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 pestle | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 let | punct |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 let | punct |
| 13 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Geni | det |
| 15 | Geni | Geni | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 said | nsubj |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 guide | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 guide | aux |
| 18 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 guide | cop |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 guide | nmod:poss |
| 20 | guide | guide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 Geni | acl:relcl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 told | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 told | cc |
| 23 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 told | nsubj |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 told | aux |
| 25 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 13 said | conj |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 others | det |
| 27 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 told | obj |
| 28 | about | about | ADP | _ | 34 seeds | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 seeds | det |
| 30 | wonderful | wonderful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 seeds | amod |
| 31 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 seeds | amod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 white | cc |
| 33 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 red | conj |
| 34 | seeds | seed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 others | nmod |
| 35 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 40 standing | mark |
| 36 | Pei | Pei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Hang | compound |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 Pei | punct |
| 38 | Hang | Hang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 standing | nsubj |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 standing | aux |
| 40 | standing | stand | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 told | advcl |
| 41 | spell | spell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 standing | obj |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 41 spell | punct |
| 43 | bound | bind | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 spell | acl |
| 44 | by | by | ADP | _ | 46 beauty | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 beauty | det |
| 46 | beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 bound | obl |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 Lake | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 Lake | det |
| 49 | Lake | Lake | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 beauty | nmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let in a quote | must | We | Hang | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have in a quote | infinitive | Hang not said here | the pestle and mortar | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pestle=Patient | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | the Geni | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | is a | past · perfect | the Geni | Hang's guide | Hang nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | past · perfect | the others | about the wonderful red seeds; who nsubj | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent other=Recipient about seed=Topic | ||||
| 6 | stand | past · progressive | Pei Hang | spell | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spell=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | bind | participle | spell not said here | by the beauty of the Lake | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/26/9/