The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 26, sentence 98
The second one struggled along, staggering beneath the weight of treasure he had gathered, the thought of enjoying which helped him to forget his weariness.
Who acts: first, thought · What happens: struggle, stagger, gather, enjoy, help, forget · To what, where: second one, weight, treasure, first, weariness
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 26. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first, thought), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 one | det |
| 2 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 3 one | amod |
| 3 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | struggled | struggle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 one | acl |
| 5 | along | along | ADV | _ | 4 struggled | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 staggering | punct |
| 7 | staggering | stagger | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 struggled | conj |
| 8 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 10 weight | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 weight | det |
| 10 | weight | weight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 staggering | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 treasure | case |
| 12 | treasure | treasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 weight | nmod |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 gathered | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 gathered | aux |
| 15 | gathered | gather | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 treasure | acl:relcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 thought | punct |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 thought | det |
| 18 | thought | thought | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 one | conj |
| 19 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 20 enjoying | mark |
| 20 | enjoying | enjoy | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 18 thought | acl |
| 21 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 helped | nsubj |
| 22 | helped | help | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 thought | acl:relcl |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 helped | obj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 forget | mark |
| 25 | forget | forget | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 helped | xcomp |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 weariness | nmod:poss |
| 27 | weariness | weariness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 forget | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 one | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | struggle | participle | the second one and the thought not said here | along property | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | stagger | gerund | the weight of treasure | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath weight=Trajectory | |||||
| 3 | gather | past · perfect | first | treasure not said here | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent treasure=Theme | ||||
| 4 | enjoy | gerund | the thought not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | help | past | the thought | first | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary clause=Theme | ||||
| 6 | forget | to-infinitive | first not said here | first's weariness | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/26/98/