The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 3, sentence 18
The judge asked him what he had to say for himself, and he answered:
Who acts: judge · What happens: ask, have, say, answer · To what, where: Friend · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (judge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 judge | det |
| 2 | judge | judge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 asked | nsubj |
| 3 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 asked | iobj |
| 5 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 asked | obj |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 had | nsubj |
| 7 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 what | acl:relcl |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 say | mark |
| 9 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 had | xcomp |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 himself | case |
| 11 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 9 say | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 answered | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 answered | cc |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 answered | nsubj |
| 15 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 asked | parataxis |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 15 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | the judge | Friend | what obj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | have | past | judge | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | judge not said here | for judge | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | answer speech: assert | past | judge | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/3/18/