The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 3, sentence 2
He said to himself: “I will not permit innocent blood to be shed; if I do, the vengeance of God will sooner or later overtake me, and it is better to suffer a short pain in this world than to be in everlasting torment in the next.”
Who acts: crime, vengeance · What happens: say, not permit, shed, do, overtake, be · To what, where: crime, innocent blood, short pain, world · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crime, vengeance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 himself | case |
| 4 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 2 said | obl |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 permit | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 permit | punct |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 permit | nsubj |
| 8 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 permit | aux |
| 9 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 permit | advmod |
| 10 | permit | permit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 said | conj |
| 11 | innocent | innocent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 blood | amod |
| 12 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 permit | obj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 shed | mark |
| 14 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 15 shed | aux:pass |
| 15 | shed | shed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 permit | advcl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 overtake | punct |
| 17 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 19 do | mark |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 do | nsubj |
| 19 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 overtake | advcl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 do | punct |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 vengeance | det |
| 22 | vengeance | vengeance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 overtake | nsubj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 God | case |
| 24 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 vengeance | nmod |
| 25 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 overtake | aux |
| 26 | sooner | soon | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 29 overtake | advmod |
| 27 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 28 later | cc |
| 28 | later | late | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 26 sooner | conj |
| 29 | overtake | overtake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 said | ccomp |
| 30 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 overtake | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 better | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 better | cc |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 better | expl |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 better | cop |
| 35 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 29 overtake | conj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 suffer | mark |
| 37 | suffer | suffer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 better | csubj |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 pain | det |
| 39 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 pain | amod |
| 40 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 suffer | obj |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 world | case |
| 42 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 world | det |
| 43 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 pain | nmod |
| 44 | than | than | ADP | _ | 49 torment | case |
| 45 | to | to | PART | _ | 49 torment | mark |
| 46 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 49 torment | cop |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 torment | case |
| 48 | everlasting | everlasting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 torment | amod |
| 49 | torment | torment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 suffer | obl |
| 50 | in | in | ADP | _ | 52 next | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 next | det |
| 52 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 suffer | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 29 overtake | punct |
| 54 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 overtake | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | crime | crime | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to himself=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | not permit in a quote | future | crime | innocent blood | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blood=Theme | ||||
| 3 | shed in a quote | to-infinitive · passive | crime not said here | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «NP V» | |||||
| 4 | do a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | present | crime | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | overtake in a quote | future | the vengeance of God | crime | soon property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | is in a quote | present | the vengeance of God not said here | good property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | suffer in a quote | to-infinitive | a short pain | this world | in the next | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pain=Stimulus | |||
| 8 | is in a quote | to-infinitive | than everlasting torment | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/3/2/