The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 3, sentence 45
This was done, but the widow spoke to him so very cleverly, saying that she had done this thing only that she might gain an audience with him, and so cunningly did she speak that she actually pleased him well with her words, and instead of punishing her, the Rajah married her; so she and her daughter came to the palace to live.
Who acts: widow, woman, Rajah · What happens: do, speak, say, gain, punish, marry · To what, where: This, Rajah, thing, audience, woman, palace · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (widow, woman, Rajah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 done | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 done | aux:pass |
| 3 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 spoke | punct |
| 5 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 spoke | cc |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 widow | det |
| 7 | widow | widow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 spoke | nsubj |
| 8 | spoke | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 done | parataxis |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 him | case |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 spoke | obl |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 13 cleverly | advmod |
| 12 | very | very | ADV | _ | 13 cleverly | advmod |
| 13 | cleverly | cleverly | ADV | _ | 8 spoke | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 saying | punct |
| 15 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 spoke | advcl |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 done | mark |
| 17 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 done | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 done | aux |
| 19 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 saying | ccomp |
| 20 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 thing | det |
| 21 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 done | obj |
| 22 | only | only | ADV | _ | 26 gain | advmod |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 gain | mark |
| 24 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 gain | nsubj |
| 25 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 gain | aux |
| 26 | gain | gain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 done | advcl |
| 27 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 audience | det |
| 28 | audience | audience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 gain | obj |
| 29 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 him | case |
| 30 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 audience | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 speak | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 speak | cc |
| 33 | so | so | ADV | _ | 34 cunningly | advmod |
| 34 | cunningly | cunningly | ADV | _ | 37 speak | advmod |
| 35 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 speak | aux |
| 36 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 speak | nsubj |
| 37 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 done | parataxis |
| 38 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 41 pleased | mark |
| 39 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 pleased | nsubj |
| 40 | actually | actually | ADV | _ | 41 pleased | advmod |
| 41 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 speak | advcl |
| 42 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 pleased | nsubj |
| 43 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 41 pleased | advmod |
| 44 | with | with | ADP | _ | 46 words | case |
| 45 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 words | nmod:poss |
| 46 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 pleased | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 married | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 married | cc |
| 49 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=SCONJ | 51 punishing | mark |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 instead | fixed |
| 51 | punishing | punish | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 56 married | advcl |
| 52 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 punishing | obj |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 punishing | punct |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 Rajah | det |
| 55 | Rajah | Rajah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 56 married | nsubj |
| 56 | married | marry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 done | parataxis |
| 57 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 56 married | obj |
| 58 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 64 came | punct |
| 59 | so | so | ADV | _ | 64 came | advmod |
| 60 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 64 came | nsubj |
| 61 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 daughter | cc |
| 62 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 63 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 63 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 she | conj |
| 64 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 done | parataxis |
| 65 | to | to | ADP | _ | 67 palace | case |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 palace | det |
| 67 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 came | obl |
| 68 | to | to | PART | _ | 69 live | mark |
| 69 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 67 palace | acl |
| 70 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 done | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past · passive | This | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | past | the widow | Rajah | cleverly property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to he=Co-Agent | |||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | the widow not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | do | past · perfect | woman | this thing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | gain | might | woman | a audience | with Rajah | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent audience=Theme | |||
| 6 | speak speech: other | past · do-support | woman | cunningly property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | punish | gerund | the Rajah not said here | woman | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient | ||||
| 8 | marry | past | the Rajah | woman | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient | ||||
| 9 | come | past | woman | the palace | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to palace=Initial_Location | ||||
| 10 | live | to-infinitive | woman not said here | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 11 | word | woman | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/3/45/