The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 3, sentence 49
“Oh, mother, cannot you see how unhappy and miserable your poor children are, and how our cruel stepmother is starving us?”
Who acts: you, poor children, cruel stepmother · What happens: see, be, starve · To what, where: us · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, poor children, cruel stepmother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 see | punct |
| 2 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 6 can | discourse |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Oh | punct |
| 4 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 Oh | vocative |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Oh | punct |
| 6 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 see | advcl |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 can | advmod |
| 8 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 see | nsubj |
| 9 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 unhappy | advmod |
| 11 | unhappy | unhappy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 see | ccomp |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 miserable | cc |
| 13 | miserable | miserable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 unhappy | conj |
| 14 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 children | nmod:poss |
| 15 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 children | amod |
| 16 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 unhappy | nsubj |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 unhappy | cop |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 starving | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 starving | cc |
| 20 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 starving | advmod |
| 21 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 stepmother | nmod:poss |
| 22 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 stepmother | amod |
| 23 | stepmother | stepmother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 starving | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 starving | aux |
| 25 | starving | starve | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 see | advcl |
| 26 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 starving | obj |
| 27 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 9 see | punct |
| 28 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see in a quote | present | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | your poor children | unhappy property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | be in a quote | your poor children not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | starve in a quote | present · progressive | our cruel stepmother | us | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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