The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 4, sentence 18
Some time ago a Rajah’s son came here, and soon afterwards came his six brothers, and all of them were turned into stones and trees; and these are not the only unfortunate ones, for up in that tower lives a beautiful Princess whom the Magician has kept prisoner there for twelve years, because she hates him and will not marry him.”
Who acts: son, Princess · What happens: come, turn, not be, live, keep, hate · To what, where: six brothers, all, stones, only unfortunate ones, beautiful Princess, tower
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (son, Princess), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 time | det |
| 2 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ago | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 8 came | advmod |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 Rajah | det |
| 5 | Rajah | Rajah | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 son | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 5 Rajah | case |
| 7 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 came | nsubj |
| 8 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 came | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 came | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 came | cc |
| 12 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 came | advmod |
| 13 | afterwards | afterwards | ADV | _ | 14 came | advmod |
| 14 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 came | conj |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 brothers | nmod:poss |
| 16 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 brothers | nummod |
| 17 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 came | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 turned | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 turned | cc |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 turned | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 them | case |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 all | nmod |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 turned | aux:pass |
| 24 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 came | advcl |
| 25 | into | into | ADP | _ | 26 stones | case |
| 26 | stones | stone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 turned | obl |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 trees | cc |
| 28 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 stones | conj |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 ones | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 ones | cc |
| 31 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 37 ones | det |
| 32 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 ones | cop |
| 33 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 37 ones | advmod |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 ones | det |
| 35 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 ones | amod |
| 36 | unfortunate | unfortunate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 ones | amod |
| 37 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 came | parataxis |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 lives | punct |
| 39 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 44 lives | mark |
| 40 | up | up | ADV | _ | 44 lives | advmod |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 tower | case |
| 42 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 43 tower | det |
| 43 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 lives | obl |
| 44 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 ones | parataxis |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 Princess | det |
| 46 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 Princess | amod |
| 47 | Princess | princess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 lives | obj |
| 48 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 52 kept | obl |
| 49 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 Magician | det |
| 50 | Magician | magician | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 51 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 kept | aux |
| 52 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 47 Princess | acl:relcl |
| 53 | prisoner | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 kept | xcomp |
| 54 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 52 kept | advmod |
| 55 | for | for | ADP | _ | 57 years | case |
| 56 | twelve | twelve | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 57 years | nummod |
| 57 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 kept | obl |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 61 hates | punct |
| 59 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 61 hates | mark |
| 60 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 61 hates | nsubj |
| 61 | hates | hate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 44 lives | conj |
| 62 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 61 hates | obj |
| 63 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 66 marry | cc |
| 64 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 66 marry | aux |
| 65 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 66 marry | advmod |
| 66 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 61 hates | conj |
| 67 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 66 marry | obj |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 37 ones | punct |
| 69 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 37 ones | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | a Rajah's son | here | ago property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | come | past | a Rajah's son not said here | son's six brothers | afterwards, soon property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location brother=Theme | |||
| 3 | turn | past · passive | all of brothers | stones and trees | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme into stone=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | not is a | present | this only unfortunate ones | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | live | present | a beautiful Princess | that tower | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme princess=Location | ||||
| 6 | keep | present · perfect · passive | the Magician | there | year | a beautiful Princess obl; prisoner xcomp | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||
| 7 | hate | present | Princess | son | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | not marry | future | Princess not said here | son | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/4/18/