The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 4, sentence 3
As Punchkin went through the palace gate the servants asked him where he got that pretty little dog, and he replied that one of the Princesses had given it to him, so they allowed him to depart.
Who acts: servants, Punchkin · What happens: go, ask, get, reply, give, allow · To what, where: palace gate, Punchkin, little dog, one Princesses
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (servants, Punchkin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 2 Punchkin | case |
| 2 | Punchkin | Punchkin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 3 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | through | through | ADP | _ | 7 gate | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 gate | det |
| 6 | palace | palace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 gate | compound |
| 7 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 went | obl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 servants | det |
| 9 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 asked | nsubj |
| 10 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | parataxis |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 asked | iobj |
| 12 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 14 got | advmod |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 got | nsubj |
| 14 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 asked | parataxis |
| 15 | that | that | ADV | _ | 14 got | advmod |
| 16 | pretty | pretty | ADV | _ | 17 little | advmod |
| 17 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 dog | amod |
| 18 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 got | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 replied | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 replied | cc |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 replied | nsubj |
| 22 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | parataxis |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 29 given | mark |
| 24 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 27 Princesses | nummod |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Princesses | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Princesses | det |
| 27 | Princesses | Princess | PROPN | Number=Plur | 29 given | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 given | aux |
| 29 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 replied | advcl |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 given | obj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 him | case |
| 32 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 given | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 allowed | punct |
| 34 | so | so | ADV | _ | 36 allowed | advmod |
| 35 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 allowed | nsubj |
| 36 | allowed | allow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 went | conj |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 allowed | iobj |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 depart | mark |
| 39 | depart | depart | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 allowed | xcomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | past | the palace gate | as Punchkin | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through gate=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | past | the servants | Punchkin | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | get | past | Punchkin | little dog | that property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dog=Stimulus | |||
| 4 | reply speech: assert | past | Punchkin | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | give | past · perfect · passive | the one Princesses | Punchkin | gate obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient it=Theme | |||
| 6 | allow | past | servants = servant | Punchkin | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Causer he=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | depart not said to happen | to-infinitive | servants = servant not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/4/3/