The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 5, sentence 28
Now travel in those days was not easy, but full of danger and difficulty, and the first knight lacked the courage to go to India.
Who acts: first knight · What happens: travel, not be, be, lack, go · To what, where: courage, India
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 travel | advmod |
| 2 | travel | travel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 easy | advcl |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 days | case |
| 4 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 5 days | det |
| 5 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 travel | obl |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 easy | cop |
| 7 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 easy | advmod |
| 8 | easy | easy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 full | punct |
| 10 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 full | cc |
| 11 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 easy | conj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 danger | case |
| 13 | danger | danger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 full | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 difficulty | cc |
| 15 | difficulty | difficulty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 danger | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 lacked | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 lacked | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 knight | det |
| 19 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 20 knight | amod |
| 20 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 lacked | nsubj |
| 21 | lacked | lack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 easy | parataxis |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 courage | det |
| 23 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 lacked | obj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 go | mark |
| 25 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 lacked | advcl |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 India | case |
| 27 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 go | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 easy | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | travel | infinitive | now; day | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | not is | past | easy property | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | be | of danger and difficulty | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | lack | past | the first knight | the courage | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | go | to-infinitive | the first knight not said here | India | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to india=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/5/28/