The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 6, sentence 16
If he had been surprised to hear the Crab’s voice when he stopped before, how much more so was he now, when the Crab said: “Ha, ha!
Who acts: Crab · What happens: be, hear, stop · To what, where: voice
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Crab), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 surprised | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 surprised | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 surprised | aux |
| 4 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 surprised | cop |
| 5 | surprised | surprised | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 hear | mark |
| 7 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 surprised | advcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Crab | det |
| 9 | Crab | Crab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 voice | nmod:poss |
| 10 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 9 Crab | case |
| 11 | voice | voice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 hear | obj |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 stopped | advmod |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 stopped | nsubj |
| 14 | stopped | stop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 hear | advcl |
| 15 | before | before | ADV | _ | 14 stopped | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 more | punct |
| 17 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 much | advmod |
| 18 | much | much | ADV | _ | 19 more | advmod |
| 19 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 5 surprised | advmod |
| 20 | so | so | ADV | _ | 28 said | advmod |
| 21 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 said | cop |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 said | nsubj |
| 23 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 28 said | advmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 said | punct |
| 25 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 said | advmod |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 Crab | det |
| 27 | Crab | Crab | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 said | nsubj |
| 28 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 surprised | conj |
| 29 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 33 ha | punct |
| 30 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 ha | punct |
| 31 | Ha | ha | INTJ | _ | 33 ha | discourse |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 Ha | punct |
| 33 | ha | ha | INTJ | _ | 28 said | parataxis |
| 34 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 surprised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past · perfect | Crab | surprised property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hear | to-infinitive | Crab not said here | the Crab's voice | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer voice=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | stop | past | Crab | before property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | is | past | Crab | now | say property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/6/16/