The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 6, sentence 29
Not far from the pit was lying asleep a poor man called Guido, who had come with his ass to the forest to gather firewood, by the sale of which he made a poor living.
Who acts: poor man, Scarcely · What happens: lie, call, come, gather, make · To what, where: poor man, firewood, poor living · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor man, Scarcely), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 2 far | advmod |
| 2 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 lying | advmod |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 pit | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 pit | det |
| 5 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 far | obl |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 lying | aux |
| 7 | lying | lie | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 lying | xcomp |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 man | det |
| 10 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 man | amod |
| 11 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lying | obj |
| 12 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 man | acl |
| 13 | Guido | Guido | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 called | xcomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 come | punct |
| 15 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 come | nsubj |
| 16 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 come | aux |
| 17 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 man | acl |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 ass | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 ass | nmod:poss |
| 20 | ass | ass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 come | obl |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 forest | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 forest | det |
| 23 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 ass | nmod |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 gather | mark |
| 25 | gather | gather | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 come | advcl |
| 26 | firewood | firewood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 gather | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 sale | punct |
| 28 | by | by | ADP | _ | 30 sale | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 sale | det |
| 30 | sale | sale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 lying | obl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 which | case |
| 32 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 made | obl |
| 33 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 made | nsubj |
| 34 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 sale | acl:relcl |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 living | det |
| 36 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 living | amod |
| 37 | living | living | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 made | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 lying | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | past · progressive | a poor man | by the sale; asleep, far property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | call | participle | a poor man not said here | Guido xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | come | past · perfect | a poor man | with Scarcely's ass to the forest | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | gather | to-infinitive | a poor man not said here | firewood | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firewood=Theme | ||||
| 5 | make | past | Scarcely | a poor living | of the sale | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent living=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/6/29/