The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 6, sentence 78
The past season had been an unfortunate one for him, and it was necessary for him to have these.
Who acts: past season · What happens: be, have · To what, where: unfortunate one, these
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (past season), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 season | det |
| 2 | past | past | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 season | amod |
| 3 | season | season | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 one | nsubj |
| 4 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 one | aux |
| 5 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 one | cop |
| 6 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 one | det |
| 7 | unfortunate | unfortunate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 one | amod |
| 8 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 him | case |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 one | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 necessary | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 necessary | cc |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 necessary | expl |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 necessary | cop |
| 15 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 one | conj |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 17 him | case |
| 17 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 necessary | obl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 have | mark |
| 19 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 necessary | advcl |
| 20 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 19 have | obj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 one | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past · perfect | the past season | a unfortunate one | for Musai | tree rules | |||
| 2 | is | past | the past season not said here | for Musai; necessary property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have | to-infinitive | the past season not said here | these | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/6/78/