The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 11
But this was not the hardest thing that happened to him; for his nose, which the boy had pulled, began to grow.
Who acts: this, hardest thing · What happens: not be, happen, pull, begin, grow · To what, where: hardest thing, Chô, nose
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, hardest thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 7 thing | cc |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 thing | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 thing | cop |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 thing | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 thing | det |
| 6 | hardest | hard | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 7 thing | amod |
| 7 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 happened | nsubj |
| 9 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 thing | acl:relcl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 him | case |
| 11 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 happened | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 nose | punct |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 15 nose | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 nose | nmod:poss |
| 15 | nose | nose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 thing | appos |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 pulled | punct |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 pulled | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 boy | det |
| 19 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 pulled | nsubj:pass |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 pulled | aux |
| 21 | pulled | pull | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 nose | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 began | punct |
| 23 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 nose | conj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 grow | mark |
| 25 | grow | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 began | xcomp |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 thing | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is a | past | this | the hardest thing | Chô's nose appos | tree rules | |||
| 2 | happen | past | the hardest thing | Chô | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | pull | past · perfect · passive | Chô's nose | the boy nsubj:pass | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | begin | past | this not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 5 | grow | to-infinitive | this not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/7/11/