The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 26
When she became of marriageable age her father issued a proclamation that whoever could surpass her in speed should marry her, and become heir to the throne; but if he were to fail in the race, his life would be forfeit.
Who acts: sport, father, proclamation, life · What happens: become, issue, surpass, marry, fail, be · To what, where: sport, heir, race, forfeit
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sport, father, proclamation, life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 became | advmod |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 became | nsubj |
| 3 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 age | case |
| 5 | marriageable | marriageable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 age | amod |
| 6 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 became | obl |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 father | nmod:poss |
| 8 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 issued | nsubj |
| 9 | issued | issue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 became | advcl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 proclamation | det |
| 11 | proclamation | proclamation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 marry | nsubj |
| 12 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 surpass | nsubj |
| 13 | whoever | whoever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 surpass | nsubj |
| 14 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 15 surpass | aux |
| 15 | surpass | surpass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 proclamation | acl:relcl |
| 16 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 surpass | obj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 speed | case |
| 18 | speed | speed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 surpass | obl |
| 19 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 marry | aux |
| 20 | marry | marry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 issued | ccomp |
| 21 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 marry | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 become | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 become | cc |
| 24 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 marry | conj |
| 25 | heir | heir | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 become | xcomp |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 throne | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 throne | det |
| 28 | throne | throne | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 heir | nmod |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 35 fail | punct |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 35 fail | cc |
| 31 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 35 fail | mark |
| 32 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 fail | nsubj |
| 33 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 fail | aux |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 fail | mark |
| 35 | fail | fail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 became | conj |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 38 race | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 race | det |
| 38 | race | race | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fail | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 forfeit | punct |
| 40 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 life | nmod:poss |
| 41 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 forfeit | nsubj |
| 42 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 44 forfeit | aux |
| 43 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 44 forfeit | cop |
| 44 | forfeit | forfeit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fail | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | become | past | sport | of marriageable age | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 2 | issue | past | sport's father | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | surpass | could | a proclamation | sport | in speed; whoever nsubj | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot she=Theme in speed=Attribute | |||
| 4 | marry | should | a proclamation | sport | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient | ||||
| 5 | become | infinitive | a proclamation not said here | heir to the throne | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 6 | fail a condition, not said to happen | past | proclamation | the race | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S_ING»: agent=Agent in race=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | is a | would | proclamation's life | forfeit | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/7/26/