The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 7, sentence 82
He knew he couldn’t get away, so had to use his wits.
Who acts: Cat · What happens: know, not get away, have, use · To what, where: wits · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 knew | nsubj |
| 2 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 get | nsubj |
| 4 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 get | aux |
| 5 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 get | advmod |
| 6 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 knew | ccomp |
| 7 | away | away | ADV | _ | 6 get | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 had | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 10 had | advmod |
| 10 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 knew | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 use | mark |
| 12 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 had | xcomp |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 wits | nmod:poss |
| 14 | wits | wit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 use | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | Cat | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | not get away | could | Cat | away property | vn withdraw-82-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | have | past | Cat not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | use | to-infinitive | Cat not said here | Cat's wits | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wit=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/7/82/