The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 8, sentence 36
You may be sure that the young pigeons decided that the older ones were wiser in counsel than they, and to be more careful when “daring” their fellows.
Who acts: You, young pigeons, older ones · What happens: be, decide, dare · To what, where: counsel, fellows · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, young pigeons, older ones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | You | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 4 sure | nsubj |
| 2 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 sure | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 sure | cop |
| 4 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 decided | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 pigeons | det |
| 7 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 pigeons | amod |
| 8 | pigeons | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 decided | nsubj |
| 9 | decided | decide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sure | ccomp |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 wiser | mark |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 ones | det |
| 12 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 13 ones | amod |
| 13 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 wiser | nsubj |
| 14 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 wiser | cop |
| 15 | wiser | wise | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 9 decided | ccomp |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 counsel | case |
| 17 | counsel | counsel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wiser | obl |
| 18 | than | than | ADP | _ | 19 they | case |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 wiser | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 careful | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 careful | cc |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 careful | mark |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 careful | cop |
| 24 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 25 careful | advmod |
| 25 | careful | careful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 sure | conj |
| 26 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 daring | advmod |
| 27 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 daring | punct |
| 28 | daring | dare | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 25 careful | advcl |
| 29 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 daring | punct |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 fellows | nmod:poss |
| 31 | fellows | fellow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 daring | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 sure | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | may | You | sure property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | decide | past | the young pigeons | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | past | the older ones | counsel | than Pigeons = pigeon; wise property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | is | to-infinitive | You not said here | careful property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | dare in a quote | gerund | You not said here | Pigeons's fellows | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fellow=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/8/36/