The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient, Opening, part 9, sentence 53
He was smoking a long pipe, and from time to time he sipped a little coffee which a slave handed to him, and after each sip he stroked his long beard with an air of enjoyment.
Who acts: Bagdad, little coffee · What happens: smoke, sip, slave, hand, stroke · To what, where: long pipe, little coffee, slave, Bagdad, long beard
This is a sentence of «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bagdad, little coffee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 smoking | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 smoking | aux |
| 3 | smoking | smoke | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 pipe | det |
| 5 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 pipe | amod |
| 6 | pipe | pipe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 smoking | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 sipped | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 sipped | cc |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 time | case |
| 10 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sipped | obl |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 time | case |
| 12 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 time | nmod |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 sipped | nsubj |
| 14 | sipped | sip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 smoking | parataxis |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 coffee | det |
| 16 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 coffee | amod |
| 17 | coffee | coffee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 sipped | obj |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 slave | nsubj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 slave | det |
| 20 | slave | slave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 coffee | appos |
| 21 | handed | hand | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 slave | acl |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 him | case |
| 23 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 handed | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 stroked | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 stroked | cc |
| 26 | after | after | ADP | _ | 28 sip | case |
| 27 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 28 sip | det |
| 28 | sip | sip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 stroked | obl |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 stroked | nsubj |
| 30 | stroked | stroke | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 sipped | conj |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 beard | nmod:poss |
| 32 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 beard | amod |
| 33 | beard | beard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 stroked | obj |
| 34 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 air | case |
| 35 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 air | det |
| 36 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 stroked | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 enjoyment | case |
| 38 | enjoyment | enjoyment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 air | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 smoking | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | smoke | past · progressive | Bagdad | a long pipe | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent pipe=Source | ||||
| 2 | sip | past | Bagdad | a little coffee | time | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coffee=Patient | |||
| 3 | slave | a little coffee | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | hand | participle | a slave not said here | Bagdad | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to he=Destination | ||||
| 5 | stroke | past | Bagdad | Bagdad's long beard | after each sip | with a air of enjoyment | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent beard=Experiencer with air=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The Jade Story Book; Stories from the Orient» by Penrhyn Wingfield Coussens, Project Gutenberg book 65965 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg65965/9/53/