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Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 1, sentence 16

I have shown elsewhere[a] that the beheading challenge is an incident of very early occurrence in heroic legend, and that the particular form given to it in the English poem is especially interesting, corresponding as it does to the variations of the story as preserved in the oldest known version, that of the old Irish _Fled Bricrend_.

Who acts: I, beheading challenge, particular form, challenge, that, story · What happens: show, be, give, correspond, do, preserve · To what, where: incident, particular form, form, English poem, story, oldest known version

This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, beheading challenge, particular form, challenge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nsubjauxadvmodpunctdetpunctmarkdetcompoundnsubjcopdetparataxiscaseadvmodamodnmodcaseamodnmodpunctccmarkdetamodnsubjaclcaseoblcasedetamodoblcopadvmodparataxispunctadvclmarknsubjadvclcasedetoblcasedetnmodmarkaclcasedetamodamodoblpunctnsubjcasedetamodamodnmodparataxisobjpunctpunctrootIPRONhaveAUXshownVERBelsewhereADV[PUNCTaDET]PUNCTthatSCONJtheDETbeheadingNOUNchallengeNOUNisAUXanDETincidentNOUNofADPveryADVearlyADJoccurrenceNOUNinADPheroicADJlegendNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJthatSCONJtheDETparticularADJformNOUNgivenVERBtoADPitPRONinADPtheDETEnglishADJpoemNOUNisAUXespeciallyADVinterestingADJ,PUNCTcorrespondingVERBasSCONJitPRONdoesVERBtoADPtheDETvariationsNOUNofADPtheDETstoryNOUNasSCONJpreservedVERBinADPtheDEToldestADJknownVERBversionNOUN,PUNCTthatPRONofADPtheDEToldADJIrishADJ_PROPNFledVERBBricrendPROPN_PUNCT.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1IIPRONCase=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs3 shownnsubj
2havehaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin3 shownaux
3shownshowVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Partrootroot
4elsewhereelsewhereADV_3 shownadvmod
5[[PUNCT_14 incidentpunct
6aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art14 incidentdet
7]]PUNCT_14 incidentpunct
8thatthatSCONJ_14 incidentmark
9thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art11 challengedet
10beheadingbeheadingNOUNNumber=Sing11 challengecompound
11challengechallengeNOUNNumber=Sing14 incidentnsubj
12isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin14 incidentcop
13anaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art14 incidentdet
14incidentincidentNOUNNumber=Sing3 shownparataxis
15ofofADP_18 occurrencecase
16veryveryADV_17 earlyadvmod
17earlyearlyADJDegree=Pos18 occurrenceamod
18occurrenceoccurrenceNOUNNumber=Sing14 incidentnmod
19ininADP_21 legendcase
20heroicheroicADJDegree=Pos21 legendamod
21legendlegendNOUNNumber=Sing18 occurrencenmod
22,,PUNCT_37 interestingpunct
23andandCCONJ_37 interestingcc
24thatthatSCONJ_37 interestingmark
25thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art27 formdet
26particularparticularADJDegree=Pos27 formamod
27formformNOUNNumber=Sing37 interestingnsubj
28givengiveVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass27 formacl
29totoADP_30 itcase
30ititPRONCase=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs28 givenobl
31ininADP_34 poemcase
32thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art34 poemdet
33EnglishEnglishADJDegree=Pos34 poemamod
34poempoemNOUNNumber=Sing28 givenobl
35isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin37 interestingcop
36especiallyespeciallyADV_37 interestingadvmod
37interestinginterestingADJDegree=Pos14 incidentparataxis
38,,PUNCT_39 correspondingpunct
39correspondingcorrespondVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part37 interestingadvcl
40asasSCONJ_42 doesmark
41ititPRONCase=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs42 doesnsubj
42doesdoVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin39 correspondingadvcl
43totoADP_45 variationscase
44thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art45 variationsdet
45variationsvariationNOUNNumber=Plur42 doesobl
46ofofADP_48 storycase
47thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art48 storydet
48storystoryNOUNNumber=Sing45 variationsnmod
49asasSCONJ_50 preservedmark
50preservedpreserveVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass48 storyacl
51ininADP_55 versioncase
52thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art55 versiondet
53oldestoldADJDegree=Sup55 versionamod
54knownknowVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass55 versionamod
55versionversionNOUNNumber=Sing50 preservedobl
56,,PUNCT_63 Fledpunct
57thatthatPRONNumber=Sing PronType=Dem63 Flednsubj
58ofofADP_62 _case
59thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art62 _det
60oldoldADJDegree=Pos62 _amod
61IrishIrishADJDegree=Pos62 _amod
62__PROPNNumber=Sing57 thatnmod
63FledfleeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin14 incidentparataxis
64BricrendBricrendPROPNNumber=Sing63 Fledobj
65__PUNCT_63 Fledpunct
66..PUNCT_3 shownpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1showpresent · perfectIelsewhere propertyvn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2is apresentthe beheading challengea incidentof early occurrence in heroic legendtree rules
3giveparticiplethe particular form not said hereformthe English poemvn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to it=Recipient
4ispresentthe particular formespecially, interesting propertytree rules
5correspondgerundthe particular form not said herevn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
6dopresentchallengeto the variations of the storyvn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
7preserveparticiplethe story not said herethe oldest known versionvn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent
8knowparticiplevn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
9fleepastthat of the old Irish _Bricrendvn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme bricrend=Initial_Location
10varythe storynom variation «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/1/16/