Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 1, sentence 60
Such was the king’s custom when he sat in hall at each high feast with his noble knights, therefore on that New Year tide, he abode, fair of face, on the throne, and made much mirth withal.
Who acts: Such, custom · What happens: be, sit, abide, make · To what, where: custom, hall, Year tide, much mirth
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Such, custom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Such | Such | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 custom | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 custom | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 king | det |
| 4 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 custom | nmod:poss |
| 5 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 4 king | case |
| 6 | custom | custom | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 sat | advmod |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 sat | nsubj |
| 9 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 custom | acl:relcl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 hall | case |
| 11 | hall | hall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sat | obl |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 feast | case |
| 13 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 feast | det |
| 14 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 feast | amod |
| 15 | feast | feast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sat | obl |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 knights | case |
| 17 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 knights | nmod:poss |
| 18 | noble | noble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 knights | amod |
| 19 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 sat | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 tide | punct |
| 21 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 26 tide | advmod |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 tide | case |
| 23 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 tide | mark |
| 24 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Year | compound |
| 25 | Year | Year | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 tide | compound |
| 26 | tide | tide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 sat | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 abode | punct |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 abode | nsubj |
| 29 | abode | abide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 tide | acl:relcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 fair | punct |
| 31 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 abode | xcomp |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 face | case |
| 33 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 fair | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 throne | punct |
| 35 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 throne | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 throne | det |
| 37 | throne | throne | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 abode | advcl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 made | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 made | cc |
| 40 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 custom | conj |
| 41 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 mirth | amod |
| 42 | mirth | mirth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 made | obj |
| 43 | withal | withal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 made | xcomp |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 custom | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Such | the king's custom | the king nmod:poss | tree rules | |||
| 2 | sit | past | custom | hall | at each high feast; with custom's noble knights; Year tide conj | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in hall=Location | |||
| 3 | abide | past | custom | Year tide not said here | the throne advcl; fair property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | make | past | Such not said here | much mirth | withal property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mirth=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/1/60/