Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 2, sentence 22
The knight halted in the entrance of the hall, looking to the high daïs, and greeted no man, but looked ever upwards; and the first words he spake were, “Where is the ruler of this folk?
Who acts: knight, first words · What happens: halt, look, greet, speak, be · To what, where: entrance, man, ruler · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, first words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 knight | det |
| 2 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 halted | nsubj |
| 3 | halted | halt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 entrance | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 entrance | det |
| 6 | entrance | entrance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 halted | obl |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 hall | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hall | det |
| 9 | hall | hall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 entrance | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 looking | punct |
| 11 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 halted | advcl |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 daïs | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 daïs | det |
| 14 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 daïs | amod |
| 15 | daïs | daï | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 looking | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 greeted | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 greeted | cc |
| 18 | greeted | greet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 halted | parataxis |
| 19 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 20 man | det |
| 20 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 greeted | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 looked | punct |
| 22 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 looked | cc |
| 23 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 greeted | conj |
| 24 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 25 upwards | advmod |
| 25 | upwards | upwards | ADV | _ | 23 looked | advmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 39 ruler | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 words | cc |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 words | det |
| 29 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 30 words | amod |
| 30 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 ruler | nsubj |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 spake | nsubj |
| 32 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 words | appos |
| 33 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 ruler | cop |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 ruler | punct |
| 35 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 Where | punct |
| 36 | Where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 39 ruler | advmod |
| 37 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 ruler | cop |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 ruler | det |
| 39 | ruler | ruler | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 halted | parataxis |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 folk | case |
| 41 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 42 folk | det |
| 42 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 ruler | nmod |
| 43 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 halted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | halt | past | the knight | the entrance of the hall | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | look | gerund | the knight not said here | to the high daïs | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to daï=Theme | ||||
| 3 | greet speech: greet | past | no man | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Theme | |||||
| 4 | look | past | ever | upwards property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | speak speech: other | Knight | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | is a in a quote | past | the first words | the ruler | of this folk | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/22/