Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 2, sentence 47
Now if the knights had been astounded at the first, yet stiller were they all, high and low, when they had heard his words.
Who acts: stiller, words, Knight · What happens: astound, be, hear, word · To what, where: knights, first, words
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stiller, words, Knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 astounded | advmod |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 7 astounded | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 knights | det |
| 4 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 astounded | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 astounded | aux |
| 6 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 astounded | aux:pass |
| 7 | astounded | astound | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 first | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 first | det |
| 10 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 7 astounded | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 high | punct |
| 12 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 18 high | cc |
| 13 | stiller | stiller | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 they | nsubj |
| 14 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 they | cop |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 high | nsubj |
| 16 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 15 they | det |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 high | punct |
| 18 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 astounded | conj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 low | cc |
| 20 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 high | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 heard | punct |
| 22 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 heard | advmod |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 heard | nsubj |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 heard | aux |
| 25 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 18 high | parataxis |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 words | nmod:poss |
| 27 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 heard | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 astounded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | astound | past · perfect · passive | the knights | the first | now | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | is a | past | stiller | words = word | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hear | past · perfect | words = word | Knight's words | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer word=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | word | Knight | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/47/