Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 2, sentence 52
With that he laughed so loudly that the blood rushed to the king’s fair face for very shame; he waxed wroth, as did all his knights, and sprang to his feet, and drew near to the stranger and said, “Now by heaven foolish is thine asking, and thy folly shall find its fitting answer.
Who acts: renown, heaven, folly · What happens: laugh, rush, wax, do, spring, draw · To what, where: blood, knights, feet, stranger, fitting answer · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (renown, heaven, folly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 2 that | case |
| 2 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 4 laughed | obl |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 laughed | nsubj |
| 4 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 loudly | advmod |
| 6 | loudly | loudly | ADV | _ | 4 laughed | advmod |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 blood | mark |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 blood | det |
| 9 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 laughed | advcl |
| 10 | rushed | rush | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 blood | acl |
| 11 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 face | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 king | det |
| 13 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 face | nmod:poss |
| 14 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 13 king | case |
| 15 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 face | amod |
| 16 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 rushed | obl |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 shame | case |
| 18 | very | very | ADV | _ | 19 shame | advmod |
| 19 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 rushed | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 waxed | punct |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 waxed | nsubj |
| 22 | waxed | wax | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 laughed | conj |
| 23 | wroth | wroth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 waxed | xcomp |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 did | punct |
| 25 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 26 did | mark |
| 26 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 waxed | conj |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 knights | det:predet |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 knights | nmod:poss |
| 29 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 did | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 sprang | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 sprang | cc |
| 32 | sprang | spring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 laughed | conj |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 feet | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 feet | nmod:poss |
| 35 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 sprang | obl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 drew | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 drew | cc |
| 38 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 laughed | conj |
| 39 | near | near | ADV | _ | 38 drew | advmod |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 stranger | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 stranger | det |
| 42 | stranger | stranger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 drew | obl |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 44 said | cc |
| 44 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 laughed | conj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 heaven | punct |
| 46 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 heaven | punct |
| 47 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 49 heaven | advmod |
| 48 | by | by | ADP | _ | 49 heaven | case |
| 49 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 asking | nsubj |
| 50 | foolish | foolish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 heaven | amod |
| 51 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 53 asking | aux |
| 52 | thine | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 53 asking | nsubj |
| 53 | asking | ask | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 44 said | ccomp |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 59 find | punct |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 59 find | cc |
| 56 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 57 folly | nmod:poss |
| 57 | folly | folly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 find | nsubj |
| 58 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 59 find | aux |
| 59 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 53 asking | conj |
| 60 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 62 answer | nmod:poss |
| 61 | fitting | fitting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 62 answer | amod |
| 62 | answer | answer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 find | obj |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | past | renown | with that; the blood advcl; loudly property | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | rush | participle | the blood not said here | to the king's fair face result; for shame | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to face=Result | ||||
| 3 | wax | past | renown | wroth property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | do | past | renown not said here | renown's knights | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knight=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | spring | past | renown not said here | renown's feet | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to foot=Destination | ||||
| 6 | draw | past | renown not said here | the stranger | near property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to stranger=Destination | |||
| 7 | say speech: assert | past | renown not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 8 | ask speech: ask in a quote | present · progressive | heaven | thine nsubj | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 9 | find in a quote | shall | thy folly | folly's fitting answer | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Topic | ||||
| 10 | answer in a quote | folly | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/52/