Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 2, sentence 73
Then the other answered again, “Sir Gawain, so may I thrive as I am fain to take this buffet at thine hand,” and he quoth further, “Sir Gawain, it liketh me well that I shall take at thy fist that which I have asked here, and thou hast readily and truly rehearsed all the covenant that I asked of the king, save that thou shalt swear me, by thy troth, to seek me thyself wherever thou hopest that I may be found, and win thee such reward as thou dealest me to-day, before this folk.”
Who acts: other, buffet, thou, that, Gawain · What happens: answer, thrive, be, take, like, ask · To what, where: Gawain, buffet, hand, other, fist, covenant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other, buffet, thou, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 answered | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 other | det |
| 3 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 answered | nsubj |
| 4 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | again | again | ADV | _ | 4 answered | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 Gawain | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 Gawain | punct |
| 8 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Gawain | nmod:desc |
| 9 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 answered | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 thrive | punct |
| 11 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 thrive | advmod |
| 12 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 thrive | aux |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 thrive | nsubj |
| 14 | thrive | thrive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 answered | parataxis |
| 15 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 18 fain | mark |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 fain | nsubj |
| 17 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 fain | cop |
| 18 | fain | fain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 thrive | csubj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 take | mark |
| 20 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 fain | csubj |
| 21 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 buffet | det |
| 22 | buffet | buffet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 take | obj |
| 23 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 hand | case |
| 24 | thine | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 25 hand | nmod:poss |
| 25 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 take | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 thrive | punct |
| 27 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 thrive | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 97 win | cc |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 97 win | nsubj |
| 30 | quoth | quoth | ADV | _ | 31 further | advmod |
| 31 | further | further | ADV | _ | 97 win | advmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 97 win | punct |
| 33 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 97 win | punct |
| 34 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 Gawain | nmod:desc |
| 35 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 97 win | nsubj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 liketh | punct |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 liketh | nsubj |
| 38 | liketh | like | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 Gawain | acl:relcl |
| 39 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 38 liketh | obj |
| 40 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 38 liketh | advmod |
| 41 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 44 take | mark |
| 42 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 44 take | nsubj |
| 43 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 44 take | aux |
| 44 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 liketh | csubj |
| 45 | at | at | ADP | _ | 47 fist | case |
| 46 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 47 fist | nmod:poss |
| 47 | fist | fist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 take | obl |
| 48 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 52 asked | obj |
| 49 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 52 asked | nsubj:pass |
| 50 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 52 asked | nsubj |
| 51 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 asked | aux |
| 52 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 47 fist | acl:relcl |
| 53 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 52 asked | advmod |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 hast | punct |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 hast | cc |
| 56 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 57 hast | nsubj |
| 57 | hast | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 Gawain | conj |
| 58 | readily | readily | ADV | _ | 57 hast | advmod |
| 59 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 61 rehearsed | cc |
| 60 | truly | truly | ADV | _ | 61 rehearsed | advmod |
| 61 | rehearsed | rehearse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 57 hast | conj |
| 62 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 64 covenant | det:predet |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 covenant | det |
| 64 | covenant | covenant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 rehearsed | obj |
| 65 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 67 asked | obj |
| 66 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 67 asked | nsubj |
| 67 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 64 covenant | acl:relcl |
| 68 | of | of | ADP | _ | 70 king | case |
| 69 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 70 king | det |
| 70 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 asked | obl |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 72 save | punct |
| 72 | save | save | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 57 hast | parataxis |
| 73 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 76 swear | nsubj |
| 74 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 76 swear | nsubj |
| 75 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 76 swear | aux |
| 76 | swear | swear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 72 save | conj |
| 77 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 76 swear | obj |
| 78 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 81 troth | punct |
| 79 | by | by | ADP | _ | 81 troth | case |
| 80 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 81 troth | nmod:poss |
| 81 | troth | troth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 76 swear | obl |
| 82 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 84 seek | punct |
| 83 | to | to | PART | _ | 84 seek | mark |
| 84 | seek | seek | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 76 swear | conj |
| 85 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 84 seek | obj |
| 86 | thyself | thyself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes Style=Arch | 84 seek | obj |
| 87 | wherever | wherever | ADV | PronType=Int | 89 hopest | advmod |
| 88 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 89 hopest | nsubj |
| 89 | hopest | hope | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 84 seek | parataxis |
| 90 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 94 found | mark |
| 91 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 94 found | nsubj |
| 92 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 94 found | aux |
| 93 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 94 found | aux:pass |
| 94 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 89 hopest | advcl |
| 95 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 97 win | punct |
| 96 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 97 win | cc |
| 97 | win | win | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin | 4 answered | conj |
| 98 | thee | thou | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 97 win | obj |
| 99 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 100 reward | amod |
| 100 | reward | reward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 97 win | obj |
| 101 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 103 dealest | mark |
| 102 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 103 dealest | nsubj |
| 103 | dealest | deal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 97 win | advcl |
| 104 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 103 dealest | obj |
| 105 | to | to | ADP | _ | 107 day | case |
| 106 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 105 to | punct |
| 107 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 103 dealest | obl |
| 108 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 111 folk | punct |
| 109 | before | before | ADP | _ | 111 folk | case |
| 110 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 111 folk | det |
| 111 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 103 dealest | obl |
| 112 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 answered | punct |
| 113 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | the other | Gawain Sir | then; again | tree rules | |||
| 2 | thrive in a quote | may | the other = other | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | the other = other | fain property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | take in a quote | to-infinitive | this buffet | thine hand | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent buffet=Theme at hand=Asset | ||||
| 5 | like in a quote | present | buffet | the other = other | well property | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot i=Theme | |||
| 6 | take in a quote | shall | the other = other | thy fist | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent at fist=Asset | ||||
| 7 | ask speech: ask in a quote | present · perfect · passive | thy fist | here | I nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 8 | have in a quote | present | thou | readily property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 9 | rehearse in a quote | participle | thou not said here | all covenant | truly property | vn rehearse-26.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent covenant=Theme | |||
| 10 | ask speech: ask in a quote | past | the other = other | all covenant | of the king | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent that=Recipient | |||
| 11 | save in a quote | infinitive | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 12 | swear in a quote | shall | that | the other = other | by thy troth; thou nsubj | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent i=Eventuality | |||
| 13 | seek in a quote | to-infinitive | that not said here | the other = other | thyself obj | tree rules | |||
| 14 | hope in a quote | present | thou | wherever property | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 15 | find in a quote | may · passive | the other = other | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 16 | win in a quote | present | Gawain | thee | such reward obj; further property | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent thou=Beneficiary reward=Theme | |||
| 17 | deal in a quote | present | thou | the other = other | before this folk; day | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/2/73/