Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 31
But the knight made ever good cheer, and said, “Nay, wherefore should I shrink?
Who acts: knight · What happens: make, say, shrink · To what, where: good cheer · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 made | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 knight | det |
| 3 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | nsubj |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 6 good | advmod |
| 6 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 cheer | amod |
| 7 | cheer | cheer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 said | cc |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 made | conj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 shrink | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 shrink | punct |
| 13 | Nay | nay | INTJ | _ | 18 shrink | discourse |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 shrink | punct |
| 15 | wherefore | wherefore | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 shrink | advmod |
| 16 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 shrink | aux |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 shrink | nsubj |
| 18 | shrink | shrink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 said | ccomp |
| 19 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | the knight | good cheer | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheer=Product | ||||
| 2 | say speech: ask | past | the knight not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | shrink in a quote | should | the knight = knight | wherefore property | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/31/