Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 51
It is a sign that Solomon set ere-while, as betokening truth; for it is a figure with five points and each line overlaps the other, and nowhere hath it beginning or end, so that in English it is called “the endless knot.”
Who acts: pentangle, Solomon, figure · What happens: be, set, betoken, overlap, have, begin · To what, where: sign, truth, other, pentangle, English · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pentangle, Solomon, figure), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 sign | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 sign | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 sign | det |
| 4 | sign | sign | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 set | mark |
| 6 | Solomon | Solomon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 set | nsubj |
| 7 | set | set | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 sign | acl |
| 8 | ere | ere | ADV | _ | 7 set | advmod |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 ere | punct |
| 10 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 set | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 betokening | punct |
| 12 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 13 betokening | mark |
| 13 | betokening | betoken | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 set | advcl |
| 14 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 betokening | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 figure | punct |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 20 figure | case |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 figure | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 figure | cop |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 figure | det |
| 20 | figure | figure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 overlaps | nsubj |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 23 points | case |
| 22 | five | five | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 points | nummod |
| 23 | points | point | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 figure | nmod |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 line | cc |
| 25 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 26 line | det |
| 26 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 figure | conj |
| 27 | overlaps | overlap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 sign | acl:relcl |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 other | det |
| 29 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 overlaps | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 hath | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 hath | cc |
| 32 | nowhere | nowhere | ADV | PronType=Neg | 33 hath | advmod |
| 33 | hath | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 sign | parataxis |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 beginning | nsubj |
| 35 | beginning | begin | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 hath | ccomp |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 37 end | cc |
| 37 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 beginning | conj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 called | punct |
| 39 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 45 called | advmod |
| 40 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 39 so | fixed |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 English | case |
| 42 | English | English | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 called | obl |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 called | nsubj:pass |
| 44 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 called | aux:pass |
| 45 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 hath | parataxis |
| 46 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 knot | punct |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 knot | det |
| 48 | endless | endless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 knot | amod |
| 49 | knot | knot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 called | xcomp |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 49 knot | punct |
| 51 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 49 knot | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | pentangle | a sign | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | set | past | Solomon | a sign not said here | while | ere property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient sign=Result | ||
| 3 | betoken | gerund | Solomon not said here | truth | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is | present | pentangle | for a figure and each line; with five points; each line conj | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | overlap | present | a figure and each line | the other | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent other=Patient | ||||
| 6 | have | present | nowhere property | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | begin | gerund | pentangle | end | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 8 | call | present · passive | pentangle | English | the endless knot xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/51/