Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 72
Often he lay companionless at night, and must lack the fare that he liked.
Who acts: Sir · What happens: lie, lack, like · To what, where: fare
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Often | often | ADV | _ | 3 lay | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 lay | nsubj |
| 3 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | companionless | companionless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 lay | xcomp |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 night | case |
| 6 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lay | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 lack | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 lack | cc |
| 9 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 lack | aux |
| 10 | lack | lack | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 lay | conj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 fare | det |
| 12 | fare | fare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lack | obj |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 liked | mark |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 liked | nsubj |
| 15 | liked | like | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 lack | advcl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | past | Sir | night | companionless, often property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | lack | must | Sir not said here | the fare | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | like | past | Sir | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/72/