Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 81
Sometimes he fought with dragons and wolves; sometimes with wild men that dwelt in the rocks; another while with bulls, and bears, and wild boars, or with giants of the high moorland that drew near to him.
Who acts: Sir, that, high moorland · What happens: fight, dwell, draw · To what, where: bears, rocks, Sir
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sir, that, high moorland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 3 fought | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 fought | nsubj |
| 3 | fought | fight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 5 dragons | case |
| 5 | dragons | dragon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 fought | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 wolves | cc |
| 7 | wolves | wolf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 dragons | conj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 dwelt | punct |
| 9 | sometimes | sometimes | ADV | PronType=Ind | 14 dwelt | advmod |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 men | case |
| 11 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 men | amod |
| 12 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 dwelt | obl |
| 13 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 dwelt | nsubj |
| 14 | dwelt | dwell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 fought | conj |
| 15 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 rocks | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 rocks | det |
| 17 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 dwelt | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 while | punct |
| 19 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 20 while | det |
| 20 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 fought | obl |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 bulls | case |
| 22 | bulls | bull | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 while | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 bears | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 bears | cc |
| 25 | bears | bear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 fought | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 boars | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 boars | cc |
| 28 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 boars | amod |
| 29 | boars | boar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 fought | parataxis |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 giants | punct |
| 31 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 33 giants | cc |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 33 giants | case |
| 33 | giants | giant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 boars | nmod |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 moorland | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 moorland | det |
| 36 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 moorland | amod |
| 37 | moorland | moorland | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 giants | nmod |
| 38 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 drew | nsubj |
| 39 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 moorland | acl:relcl |
| 40 | near | near | ADV | _ | 39 drew | advmod |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 him | case |
| 42 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 drew | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past | Sir | bears | while | with dragons and wolves; wild boars with giants of the high moorland parataxis; sometimes property | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with dragon=Co-Agent | ||
| 2 | dwell | past | that | the rocks | with wild men; sometimes property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rock=Location | |||
| 3 | draw | past | the high moorland | Sir | near property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to he=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/81/