Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 3, sentence 9
This beginning of adventures had Arthur at the New Year, for he yearned to hear gallant tales, though his words were few when he sat at the feast.
Who acts: beginning, words · What happens: have, yearn, hear, be, sit, begin · To what, where: Arthur, gallant tales, feast, adventures
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beginning, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 beginning | det |
| 2 | beginning | beginning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 had | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 adventures | case |
| 4 | adventures | adventure | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 beginning | nmod |
| 5 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | Arthur | Arthur | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 had | obj |
| 7 | at | at | ADP | _ | 10 Year | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Year | det |
| 9 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 Year | compound |
| 10 | Year | Year | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 had | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 yearned | punct |
| 12 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 14 yearned | mark |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 yearned | nsubj |
| 14 | yearned | yearn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 had | parataxis |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 hear | mark |
| 16 | hear | hear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 yearned | xcomp |
| 17 | gallant | gallant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 tales | amod |
| 18 | tales | tale | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 hear | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 few | punct |
| 20 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 24 few | mark |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 words | nmod:poss |
| 22 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 few | nsubj |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 few | cop |
| 24 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 yearned | conj |
| 25 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 27 sat | advmod |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 sat | nsubj |
| 27 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 few | advcl |
| 28 | at | at | ADP | _ | 30 feast | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 feast | det |
| 30 | feast | feast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 sat | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | this beginning of adventures | Arthur | at the New Year | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arthur=Patient | |||
| 2 | yearn | past | beginning | vn long-32.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | hear not said to happen | to-infinitive | beginning not said here | gallant tales | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer tale=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | is | past | beginning's words | few property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | sit | past | beginning | the feast | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at feast=Location | ||||
| 6 | begin | adventures | nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | word | beginning | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/3/9/