Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 3
The walls were set deep in the water, and rose aloft to a wondrous height; they were of hard hewn stone up to the corbels, which were adorned beneath the battlements with fair carvings, and turrets set in between with many a loophole; a better barbican Sir Gawain had never looked upon.
Who acts: walls · What happens: set, rise, be, adorn, not look · To what, where: walls, water, wondrous height, corbels, turrets, better barbican
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (walls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 walls | det |
| 2 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 set | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 set | aux:pass |
| 4 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | deep | deep | ADV | _ | 4 set | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 water | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 water | det |
| 8 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 set | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 rose | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 rose | cc |
| 11 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 set | parataxis |
| 12 | aloft | aloft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rose | xcomp |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 height | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 height | det |
| 15 | wondrous | wondrous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 height | amod |
| 16 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 rose | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 stone | punct |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 stone | nsubj |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 stone | cop |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 stone | case |
| 21 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 stone | amod |
| 22 | hewn | hewn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 stone | amod |
| 23 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 set | obl |
| 24 | up | up | ADV | _ | 27 corbels | advmod |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 corbels | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 corbels | det |
| 27 | corbels | corbel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 stone | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 adorned | punct |
| 29 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 adorned | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 adorned | aux:pass |
| 31 | adorned | adorn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 corbels | acl:relcl |
| 32 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 34 battlements | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 battlements | det |
| 34 | battlements | battlement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 adorned | obl |
| 35 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 carvings | case |
| 36 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 carvings | amod |
| 37 | carvings | carving | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 battlements | nmod |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 turrets | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 turrets | cc |
| 40 | turrets | turret | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 adorned | conj |
| 41 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 turrets | acl |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 set | obl |
| 43 | between | between | ADP | _ | 42 in | fixed |
| 44 | with | with | ADP | _ | 47 loophole | case |
| 45 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 loophole | amod |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 loophole | det |
| 47 | loophole | loophole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 set | obl |
| 48 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 56 looked | punct |
| 49 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 51 barbican | det |
| 50 | better | good | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 51 barbican | amod |
| 51 | barbican | barbican | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 looked | nsubj:pass |
| 52 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 51 barbican | appos |
| 53 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 52 Sir | flat |
| 54 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 56 looked | aux |
| 55 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 56 looked | advmod |
| 56 | looked | look | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 set | parataxis |
| 57 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 56 looked | obl |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 set | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | past · passive | the walls | the water | deep property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in water=Destination | |||
| 2 | rise | past | a wondrous height | aloft property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to height=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | is | past | walls = wall | of hard hewn stone and the corbels; the corbels conj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | adorn | past · passive | the corbels | beneath the battlements with fair carvings; turrets conj | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination | ||||
| 5 | set | participle | turrets not said here | with a many loophole | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with loophole=Instrument | ||||
| 6 | not look | past · perfect · passive | a better barbican | vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/3/