Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 34
And often he called it a feast, when they spake gaily to him all together, and said, “Now take ye this penance, and it shall be for your amendment.”
Who acts: fire, kinds, bread · What happens: call, speak, say, take, be · To what, where: bread, ye · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fire, kinds, bread), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 called | cc |
| 2 | often | often | ADV | _ | 4 called | advmod |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 called | nsubj |
| 4 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 called | obj |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 feast | det |
| 7 | feast | feast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 called | xcomp |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 spake | punct |
| 9 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 spake | advmod |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 spake | nsubj |
| 11 | spake | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 feast | acl:relcl |
| 12 | gaily | gaily | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 spake | xcomp |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 him | case |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 gaily | obl |
| 15 | all | all | ADV | _ | 16 together | advmod |
| 16 | together | together | ADV | _ | 11 spake | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 said | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 said | cc |
| 19 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 called | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 take | punct |
| 21 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 take | punct |
| 22 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 23 take | advmod |
| 23 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 said | ccomp |
| 24 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 23 take | obj |
| 25 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 penance | det |
| 26 | penance | penance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 take | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 amendment | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 amendment | cc |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 amendment | nsubj |
| 30 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 amendment | aux |
| 31 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 34 amendment | cop |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 34 amendment | case |
| 33 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 amendment | nmod:poss |
| 34 | amendment | amendment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 called | xcomp |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 34 amendment | punct |
| 36 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 amendment | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call speech: assert | past | fire | bread | a feast xcomp; often property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Recipient | |||
| 2 | speak speech: other | present | kinds = kind | gaily, together property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | fire not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | take in a quote | infinitive | ye | now | this penance obj | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument ye=Theme penance=Destination | |||
| 5 | is in a quote | shall | bread | for your amendment; your nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/34/