Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 40
What charm lieth in gentle speech shall we learn without asking, since here we have welcomed the fine father of courtesy.
Who acts: charm, we · What happens: lie, learn, ask, welcome · To what, where: gentle speech, we
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (charm, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 lieth | obj |
| 2 | charm | charm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lieth | nsubj |
| 3 | lieth | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 learn | advcl |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 speech | case |
| 5 | gentle | gentle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 speech | amod |
| 6 | speech | speech | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lieth | obl |
| 7 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 learn | aux |
| 8 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 learn | nsubj |
| 9 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 10 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 11 asking | mark |
| 11 | asking | ask | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 learn | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 welcomed | punct |
| 13 | since | since | ADP | _ | 14 here | case |
| 14 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 welcomed | obl |
| 15 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 welcomed | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 welcomed | aux |
| 17 | welcomed | welcome | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 learn | conj |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 father | det |
| 19 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 father | amod |
| 20 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 welcomed | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 courtesy | case |
| 22 | courtesy | courtesy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 father | nmod |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 learn | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | present | charm | gentle speech | What obj | vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location what=Theme | |||
| 2 | learn | shall | we | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | ask speech: ask | gerund | we not said here | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | welcome | present · perfect · passive | we | the fine father of courtesy obj | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme father=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/40/