Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 53
Rich red were the cheeks of the one, rough and wrinkled those of the other; the kerchiefs of the one were broidered with many glistening pearls, her throat and neck bare, and whiter than the snow that lies on the hills; the neck of the other was swathed in a gorget, with a white wimple over her black chin.
Who acts: snow · What happens: be, wrinkle, broider, glisten, lie, swathe · To what, where: Rich red cheeks, those, kerchiefs, hills, neck
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 cheeks | amod |
| 2 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 cheeks | amod |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 cheeks | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 cheeks | det |
| 5 | cheeks | cheek | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 rough | nsubj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 one | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 one | det |
| 8 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cheeks | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 rough | punct |
| 10 | rough | rough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 wrinkled | cc |
| 12 | wrinkled | wrinkle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 rough | conj |
| 13 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 12 wrinkled | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 other | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 other | det |
| 16 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 those | nmod |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 broidered | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 kerchiefs | det |
| 19 | kerchiefs | kerchief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 broidered | nsubj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 one | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 one | det |
| 22 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 kerchiefs | nmod |
| 23 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 broidered | aux:pass |
| 24 | broidered | broider | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 rough | parataxis |
| 25 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 pearls | case |
| 26 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 pearls | amod |
| 27 | glistening | glisten | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 pearls | amod |
| 28 | pearls | pearl | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 broidered | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 throat | punct |
| 30 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 throat | nmod:poss |
| 31 | throat | throat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 pearls | conj |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 neck | cc |
| 33 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 pearls | conj |
| 34 | bare | bare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 neck | amod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 whiter | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 whiter | cc |
| 37 | whiter | white | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 24 broidered | conj |
| 38 | than | than | ADP | _ | 40 snow | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 snow | det |
| 40 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 whiter | obl |
| 41 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 lies | nsubj |
| 42 | lies | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 snow | acl:relcl |
| 43 | on | on | ADP | _ | 45 hills | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 hills | det |
| 45 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 lies | obl |
| 46 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 53 swathed | punct |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 neck | det |
| 48 | neck | neck | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 swathed | nsubj:pass |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 other | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 other | det |
| 51 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 neck | nmod |
| 52 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 53 swathed | aux:pass |
| 53 | swathed | swathe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 rough | conj |
| 54 | in | in | ADP | _ | 56 gorget | case |
| 55 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 56 gorget | det |
| 56 | gorget | gorget | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 swathed | obl |
| 57 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 61 wimple | punct |
| 58 | with | with | ADP | _ | 61 wimple | case |
| 59 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 61 wimple | det |
| 60 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 61 wimple | amod |
| 61 | wimple | wimple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 swathed | obl |
| 62 | over | over | ADP | _ | 65 chin | case |
| 63 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 65 chin | nmod:poss |
| 64 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 chin | amod |
| 65 | chin | chin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 wimple | nmod |
| 66 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 rough | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the Rich red cheeks | of the one | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | wrinkle | participle | those of the other | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent that=Patient | |||||
| 3 | broider | past · passive | the kerchiefs of the one | with many glistening pearls and lady's throat and neck | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | glisten | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | lie | present | the snow | the hills | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on hill=Location | ||||
| 6 | swathe | past · passive | the neck of the other | with a white wimple over lady's black chin; in a gorget | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in gorget=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/53/