Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 62
Thus with gay words the lord made trial to gladden Gawain with jests that night, till it was time to bid them light the tapers, and Sir Gawain took leave of them and gat him to rest.
Who acts: lord, trial, Sir · What happens: make, gladden, be, bid, light, take · To what, where: Gawain, jests, tapers, leave, lord
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lord, trial, Sir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 10 gladden | advmod |
| 2 | with | with | ADP | _ | 4 words | case |
| 3 | gay | gay | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 words | amod |
| 4 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 gladden | obl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 lord | det |
| 6 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 gladden | nsubj |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 trial | amod |
| 8 | trial | trial | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lord | conj |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 gladden | mark |
| 10 | gladden | gladden | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 gladden | obj |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 13 jests | case |
| 13 | jests | jest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 gladden | obl |
| 14 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 night | det |
| 15 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 jests | nmod:unmarked |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 time | punct |
| 17 | till | till | ADP | _ | 20 time | case |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 time | nsubj |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 time | cop |
| 20 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 gladden | obl:unmarked |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 bid | mark |
| 22 | bid | bid | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 time | acl |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 bid | obj |
| 24 | light | light | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 bid | xcomp |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 tapers | det |
| 26 | tapers | taper | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 light | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 took | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 took | cc |
| 29 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 took | nsubj |
| 30 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Sir | flat |
| 31 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 gladden | parataxis |
| 32 | leave | leave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 took | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 them | case |
| 34 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 leave | nmod |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 gat | cc |
| 36 | gat | gat | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 took | conj |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 gat | obj |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 rest | mark |
| 39 | rest | rest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 gat | advcl |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 gladden | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | participle | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 2 | gladden | to-infinitive | the lord and made trial | Gawain | with gay words; with jests that night; thus property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent gawain=Patient with word=Instrument | |||
| 3 | is | past | trial | till time | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | bid | to-infinitive | the lord and made trial not said here | jests = jest | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | light | infinitive | the lord and made trial not said here | the tapers | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent taper=Product | ||||
| 6 | take | past | Sir | leave of tapers | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leave=Theme | ||||
| 7 | gat | infinitive | Sir not said here | lord | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | rest | to-infinitive | Sir not said here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/62/